What are the differences between multimode fiber and single-mode fiber

Multimode fiber and single-mode fiber differ significantly in several aspects, and these differences are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

Firstly, from the perspective of transmission modes, multimode fiber allows light to propagate at multiple angles of incidence, thus supporting the transmission of multiple optical modes. Its larger core diameter increases the transmission capacity of optical signals. However, single-mode fiber only allows light to propagate in a single mode, with a smaller core diameter, which helps to reduce dispersion and loss, enabling signals to be transmitted over longer distances without distortion.

Secondly, in terms of transmission distance and bandwidth, multimode fiber is typically used for short-distance communication, suitable for applications that require high bandwidth but have limited transmission distances. Due to its higher transmission loss and dispersion, the transmission distance of multimode fiber is relatively limited. On the other hand, single-mode fiber has a longer transmission distance and higher bandwidth, capable of meeting the needs of long-distance, large-capacity, and high-speed communication.

Furthermore, from the perspective of light sources, multimode fiber often uses light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as its light source, which are cost-effective and have low power consumption, suitable for short-distance communication. In contrast, single-mode fiber employs lasers as its light source. Lasers have higher brightness and narrower beam angles, making signal transmission in single-mode fiber more stable and reliable.

Finally, in terms of appearance, multimode fiber is typically coated with a red jacket, while single-mode fiber is coated with a yellow jacket. This color coding helps to quickly distinguish between them in practical applications.

In summary, multimode fiber and single-mode fiber differ significantly in terms of transmission modes, transmission distance, bandwidth, light sources, and appearance. When choosing which type of fiber to use, it is necessary to consider the specific application scenario and requirements comprehensively.